Classification registry

Threat taxonomy

Canonical categories used across AIVirusDB public records, grouped by the system and attack surface they describe.

Version
1.0.0
Released
Aug 31, 2026
Categories
14
Public records
27

Candidate standards IDs are unverified risk alignments. They do not represent certification, compliance, or endorsement. See the standards crosswalk method.

Large language models

6 categories
PROMPT_INJECTION

Prompt injection

active

Malicious instructions embedded in untrusted content that attempt to influence model behavior.

Objective: Override intended instructions or redirect an agent's actions.

Aliases
INJECTION_PATTERN
Candidate standards IDs
owasp-llm-2025:LLM01
Public records
1
Last verified
Sep 15, 2026
Taxonomy version
1.0.0
JAILBREAK

Jailbreak

active

Attempts to bypass model safety constraints or policy boundaries.

Objective: Cause the model to perform behavior that its safeguards prohibit.

Aliases
None
Candidate standards IDs
owasp-llm-2025:LLM01
Public records
0
Last verified
No public records
Taxonomy version
1.0.0
DATA_EXTRACTION

Data extraction

active

Unauthorized disclosure of training, retrieval, system, or user data.

Objective: Extract sensitive data, credentials, or protected context.

Aliases
DATA_EXFILTRATION
Candidate standards IDs
owasp-llm-2025:LLM02
Public records
2
Last verified
Sep 15, 2026
Taxonomy version
1.0.0
ROLE_PLAY

Role-play bypass

active

Role assignment or persona framing used to evade safety constraints.

Objective: Induce restricted behavior through a misleading role or scenario.

Aliases
None
Candidate standards IDs
owasp-llm-2025:LLM01
Public records
0
Last verified
No public records
Taxonomy version
1.0.0
SYSTEM_OVERRIDE

System override

active

Attempts to replace, suppress, or supersede system-level instructions and controls.

Objective: Gain higher-priority control over model or agent behavior.

Aliases
None
Candidate standards IDs
owasp-llm-2025:LLM01, owasp-llm-2025:LLM06
Public records
0
Last verified
No public records
Taxonomy version
1.0.0
VECTOR_POISONING

Vector and retrieval poisoning

active

Manipulation of retrieval data, embeddings, indexes, or ranking behavior.

Objective: Corrupt retrieved context or disclose vector-backed data.

Aliases
DATA_POISONING, RAG_POISONING
Candidate standards IDs
owasp-llm-2025:LLM04, owasp-llm-2025:LLM08
Public records
0
Last verified
No public records
Taxonomy version
1.0.0

Model Context Protocol

3 categories
MCP_TOOL_POISONING

MCP tool poisoning

active

Manipulation of MCP tool metadata, descriptions, parameters, or responses.

Objective: Steer an agent into unsafe or unauthorized tool use.

Aliases
MCP_TOOL_ABUSE
Candidate standards IDs
owasp-llm-2025:LLM03, owasp-llm-2025:LLM06
Public records
0
Last verified
No public records
Taxonomy version
1.0.0
MCP_RUG_PULL

MCP rug pull

active

A trusted MCP tool changes behavior after installation or approval.

Objective: Exploit a previously trusted integration through an unreviewed change.

Aliases
None
Candidate standards IDs
owasp-llm-2025:LLM03
Public records
0
Last verified
No public records
Taxonomy version
1.0.0
MCP_CONFUSED_DEPUTY

MCP confused deputy

active

An MCP integration is induced to use authority beyond the caller's intended permissions.

Objective: Escalate privileges through delegated tool authority.

Aliases
None
Candidate standards IDs
owasp-llm-2025:LLM06
Public records
2
Last verified
Sep 16, 2026
Taxonomy version
1.0.0

Agents and supply chain

2 categories
AGENT_PROMPTWARE

Agent promptware

active

Persistent malicious prompts or instructions that propagate through agent memory or workflows.

Objective: Maintain control or spread unsafe behavior across agent executions.

Aliases
None
Candidate standards IDs
owasp-llm-2025:LLM01, owasp-llm-2025:LLM06
Public records
0
Last verified
No public records
Taxonomy version
1.0.0
SUPPLY_CHAIN

Supply chain compromise

active

Compromise of dependencies, packages, models, or distribution channels.

Objective: Introduce malicious behavior through a trusted delivery path.

Aliases
BACKDOOR_ATTACK
Candidate standards IDs
owasp-llm-2025:LLM03
Public records
2
Last verified
Sep 16, 2026
Taxonomy version
1.0.0

Framework vulnerabilities

2 categories
HERMES_CVE

Hermes vulnerability

active

A disclosed vulnerability affecting the Hermes agent framework.

Objective: Exploit a framework defect to compromise agent execution or data.

Aliases
None
Candidate standards IDs
None registered
Public records
0
Last verified
No public records
Taxonomy version
1.0.0
OPENCLAW_EXPLOIT

OpenClaw exploit

active

An exploit affecting the OpenClaw agent framework or its supported integrations.

Objective: Compromise agent execution, data, or tool authority through a known exploit.

Aliases
None
Candidate standards IDs
None registered
Public records
24
Last verified
Oct 16, 2026
Taxonomy version
1.0.0

Adversarial machine learning

1 category
ADVERSARIAL_ATTACK

Adversarial machine-learning attack

active

Adversarial inputs or perturbations designed to alter machine-learning model behavior.

Objective: Cause model evasion, misclassification, or unsafe downstream decisions.

Aliases
ADVERSARIAL_INPUT, ADVERSARIAL_ML
Candidate standards IDs
None registered
Public records
0
Last verified
No public records
Taxonomy version
1.0.0